Developing Synthetic Transport Systems by Alexey Melkikh & Maria Sutormina

Author:Alexey Melkikh & Maria Sutormina
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

Therefore, this pump is the main system for transporting sodium ions. The passive flow of sodium ions can be disregarded, as sodium is toxic to the cell. Furthermore, the main transport system will be the pump system, which removes sodium from the cell. The calculated ratio of the intracellular and extracellular sodium ion concentrations is in good agreement with the experimental ratio, confirming that we have chosen the correct Na+–K+-ATPase pump stoichiometry.

The active flow of calcium ions is due to Ca+2-ATPase, which removes calcium ions from the cell. Calcium is responsible for the structural and functional intactness of the membrane and participates in the cell’s signal processes.

The Ca+2-ATPase performs active transport of calcium ions across the cellular membrane and maintains a intracellular concentration of these ions lower than their extracellular concentration (Gradmann and Boyd 2000). The pump, which is located in the cytoplasmic membrane, binds calcium ions and carries them out of the cell at the expense of ATP energy.

Assuming that one calcium ion is actively transported out of the cell, the mathematical expression for the operation of the Ca +2-ATPase is written in the form:

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